Which oxidation states are associated with Copper?

Copper commonly exhibits oxidation states of +1 and +2, making the choice of Cu(+) and Cu(2+) the correct one.

In the +1 oxidation state, copper loses one electron, typically leading to a configuration that is often more stable in certain compounds such as copper(I) oxide (Cu2O). On the other hand, in the +2 oxidation state, it loses two electrons, found in compounds like copper(II) sulfate (CuSO4). Both of these oxidation states are well documented in copper chemistry and are the most encountered in various applications.

While there are other possible oxidation states for copper, such as Cu(3+) or Cu(0), they are less common or less stable under standard conditions. The +3 state can occur, but it is relatively rare and often found in certain complex ions, meaning it does not contribute to the general understanding of copper's oxidation states.

Thus, the combination of Cu(+) and Cu(2+) encompasses the most prevalent and relevant oxidation states associated with copper.