Which law describes the relationship between pressure and temperature?

The relationship between pressure and temperature of a gas is described by Gay Lussac's law. This law states that, at constant volume, the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature (measured in Kelvin). In simpler terms, if the temperature of the gas increases, the pressure also increases, provided the volume remains constant. This relationship is derived from the kinetic molecular theory, which explains that an increase in temperature results in an increase in the kinetic energy of the gas molecules, leading to more frequent and forceful collisions with the walls of the container, thus raising the pressure.

Understanding this principle is crucial in applications involving gas behavior under varying thermal conditions, such as in engines, pressure cookers, and various chemical reactions.