What does the electromagnetic spectrum encompass?

The electromagnetic spectrum encompasses the full range of wavelengths or frequencies of electromagnetic radiation. This includes not only visible light, which is just a small portion of the spectrum, but also infrared radiation, microwaves, radio waves, ultraviolet light, X-rays, and gamma rays. Each type of electromagnetic radiation has its own unique wavelength and frequency, which can range from very short wavelengths associated with gamma rays to very long wavelengths associated with radio waves.

This comprehensive range is what makes the electromagnetic spectrum a crucial concept in understanding various physical phenomena, technologies, and scientific studies, from the way we see light to how we communicate and use various forms of radiation in medicine and industry. The visibility of light to the human eye and the speed of light in a vacuum represent specific aspects of the broader electromagnetic spectrum, but they do not encompass the entire range. Thus, recognizing that the spectrum includes all types of electromagnetic energy highlights its importance and applicability across multiple fields of study.