What characterizes an oxyacid?

An oxyacid is characterized by the presence of oxygen atoms in its molecular structure. Specifically, an oxyacid is defined as a compound that includes hydrogen, oxygen, and at least one other element, which is typically a nonmetal. The hydrogen is usually bonded to oxygen, forming the ionizable hydrogen that gives the compound its acidic properties when dissolved in water.

In the context of the question, the significance of having oxygen in the structure cannot be overstated, as it directly relates to how these acids behave in chemical reactions, particularly in terms of donating protons (H⁺) to solutions. This characteristic sets oxyacids apart from other types of acids, such as mineral acids, which may not necessarily include oxygen.

The other options focus on different types of compounds or properties that do not define oxyacids, making them less relevant to the specific characterization of oxyacids. For instance, the presence of only carbon and hydrogen describes hydrocarbons or organic compounds rather than an oxyacid. Thus, the correct identification of an oxyacid centers on the inclusion of oxygen atoms.