Lead predominantly exists in which two oxidation states?

Lead primarily exhibits two common oxidation states: +2 and +4. Among the choices presented, the oxidation states Pb(2+) and Pb(4+) accurately represent these two main forms.

In its +2 oxidation state, lead loses two electrons, which is the most stable and predominant form found in various compounds, such as lead(II) oxide (PbO) and lead(II) sulfate (PbSO₄). This +2 state is significant due to its prevalence in both organic and inorganic chemistry and is commonly encountered in lead-based materials.

The +4 oxidation state, where lead loses four electrons, is less stable than the +2 state but still important in certain chemical contexts, such as lead(IV) oxide (PbO₂) and some organolead compounds. Although lead can exhibit other oxidation states, like +3 or +5, these are not as common or stable as the +2 and +4 oxidation states.

The utilization of these states is crucial in understanding lead's chemistry, including its reactivity and the types of compounds it forms.